Calculation methodology

Transparent formulas, units, assumptions and limitations of the ceramic calculators.

Transparent formulas

Shrinkage is calculated relative to the starting dimension of each stage. Total shrinkage is compounded sequentially. Absorption uses dry mass as the denominator. Recipes are normalised to the entered total.

Limitations

Results depend on material batch, sample preparation, schedule, heatwork and measurement. The kiln capacity tool does not verify structural load, ventilation or safe clearances.